Location: Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador

Area: 1,285,220 sq km

Land boundaries: 5,536 km

Border countries: Bolivia, 900 km; Brazil, 1,560 km; Chile, 160 km; Colombia, 1,496 km; Ecuador, 1,420 km

Coastline: 2,414 km

Climate: varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to cold in Andes

Natural resources: copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas

Natural hazards: earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity