Giotto di Bondone
(1267-1337)
Field: painting, fresco
Movement: Gothic
Famous works: Scrovegni Chapel frescoes (壁画)
The Florentine (佛罗伦萨画派) painter, architect and sculptor Bondone developed a revolutionary new style and was the greatest and most influential Italian painter before the Renaissance. He is noted, not only for his own work, but for the lasting impact he had on the course of painting in Europe.
Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519)
Field: arts and sciences
Movement: High Renaissance (文艺复兴鼎盛时期)
Famous works: “Mona Lisa,” “The Last Supper”
Italian painter, sculptor, architect, designer, engineer and scientist. He was the founding father of the High Renaissance style and exercised an enormous influence on contemporary and later artists.
Raphael (1483-1520)
Field: painting
Movement: High Renaissance
Famous works: “The School of Athens,” “Sistine Madonna”
Born Raffaello Sanzio, Raphael was the most important Italian painter and architect of the Florentine school in the period from 1500 to 1520. In Raphael’s work is the clearest expression of the exquisite (优美的) harmony and balance of High Renaissance composition (构图).
Michelangelo
(1475-1564)
Field: sculpture, painting, architecture and poetry
Movement: High Renaissance
Famous work: “David”
Born Michelangelo Buonarroti, his great works were almost entirely in the service of the Catholic Church (天主教) and include a huge statue of the biblical (圣经的) hero, David, in Florence, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome.
Claude Monet
(1840-1926)
Field: painting
Movement: Impressionism
Famous works: “Impression, Sunrise,” “Waterlilies”
Claude Monet was a founder and central figure of the 19th century art movement known as Impressionism. Throughout his long career, he explored the constantly changing quality of light and color in different atmospheric conditions and at various times of the day.
Paul Cézanne
(1839-1906)
Field: painting
Movement: Impressionism
Famous works: “House of the Hanged Man,” “Portrait of Victor Choquet”
The Frenchman was one of the most important painters of the second half of the 19th century. In many of his early works, up to about 1870, Cézanne depicted dark, imaginary subjects in a violent, expressive manner. In particular, the evolution of cubism (立体派) and abstraction was largely due to his innovation.
Vincent van Gogh
(1853-1890)
Field: Painting
Movement: Post-Impressionism
Famous works: “Sunflowers,” “The Starry Night”
The art of Dutchman Van Gogh, with its intense color and writhing forms, became, through its impact on German Expressionists, one of the major sources of 20th century painting.
